Most of the previous studies did not include these two databases in their research. We copied from the MeSH tree the top MeSH term directly below the disease category or, in to case of the intervention, directly below the therapeutics MeSH term. Searching multiple databases for systematic reviews: added value or diminishing returns? Disadvantages of Databases 1. Although we searched PubMed as supplied by publisher separately from MEDLINE in Ovid, we combined the included references of these databases into one measurement in our analysis. Comparing the coverage, recall, and precision of searches for 120 systematic reviews in Embase, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar: a prospective study. For the search of nursing care literature on a medical condition, it was helpful to search both CINAHL and MEDLINE. Those databases that contributed the most unique included references were then considered candidate databases to determine the most optimal combination of databases in the further analyses. What is considered acceptable recall for systematic review searches is open for debate and can differ between individuals and groups. An official website of the United States government. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page. 2011. See Fig. PubMed Central (PMC) is a free full-text archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature at the U.S. National Institutes of Health's National Library of Medicine (NIH/NLM). To our surprise, Cochrane CENTRAL did not identify any unique included studies that had not been retrieved by the other databases, not even for the five reviews focusing entirely on RCTs. Inj Prev. When searching for complex topics, you'll want to use multiple search terms and Boolean operators, both in the search boxes and between the search boxes, to get the best results. f~C>j)Kx8t>qi0@fWT. Our experience in this study shows that additional efforts, such as hand searching, reference checking, and contacting key players, should be made to retrieve extra possible includes. McGowan J, Sampson M. Systematic reviews need systematic searchers. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted For example, in the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you find the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you see. Once you have set up your search, here is how you can limit your results to only case studies: CINAHL Plus with Full Text offers a number of filters or limiters that can help you find only specific types of studies. MEDLINE is a great resource for medical . Subject-specific databases such as CINAHL, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus only retrieved additional included references when the topic of the review was directly related to their special content, respectively nursing, psychiatry, and sports medicine. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. For four out of five systematic reviews that limited to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) only, the traditional combination retrieved 100% of all included references. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Other specialized databases, such as CINAHL or PsycINFO, add unique references to some reviews where the topic of the review is related to the focus of the database. One hundred and fifty-nine journals are uniquely indexed in BNI compared with the basic version of CINAHL. To learn more about Boolean operators, please see this Quick Answer: Here is an example of how to put together a complex search in CINAHL: Note: If you have not already logged in to the Library databases, you will be prompted to log in with your myWalden Portal user name and password. Where should the pharmacy researcher look first? There are disadvantages to using multiple databases. These values were calculated both for all reviews combined and per individual review. Most articles on this topic draw their conclusions based on the coverage of databases [14]. This research goes beyond retrospectively assessed coverage to investigate real search performance in databases. endobj Posted on 16 December 2021 - 7:39 pm by . For all individual reviews, we determined the median recall, the minimum recall, and the percentage of reviews for which each single database or combination retrieved 100% recall. 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG. The searcher in the case of all 58 systematic reviews is an experienced biomedical information specialist. Size However, the combination with Google Scholar had a higher precision and higher median recall, a higher minimum recall, and a higher proportion of reviews that retrieved all included references. Complement Ther Med. Nursing & Allied Health SourceTM provides users with reliable healthcare information covering nursing, allied health, alternative and complementary medicine. We've already shown how to use this limiter for systematic reviews and case studies; other useful publication types for evidence-based practice include Clinical Trial and Meta Analysis. J Clin Epidemiol. Improvement of precision was calculated as the ratio between the original precision from the searches in all databases and the precision for each database and combination. Search Limits. 2 0 obj The Web of Science database is considered a preferred data source for bibliometric analysis due to the comprehensive information and multi-disciplinary data of literature provided (Falagas et al . References to the systematic reviews published by Erasmus MC authors that were included in the research. Lastly, access to databases is often limited and only available on subscription basis. We analyzed whether the added value of Web of Science and Google Scholar was dependent of the domain of the review. The comparative recall of Google Scholar versus PubMed in identical searches for biomedical systematic reviews: a review of searches used in systematic reviews. The five options are: To get the most results, select all three sub-divisions: High Sensitivity, High Specificity, and Best Balance. Google Scholar. The Cochrane Handbook recommends searching MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Embase for systematic reviews of RCTs. Note: You can use OR to link together your synonyms, or related words, in a search box, allowing the database to search more broadly. CINAHL contains many systematic reviews published in journals. 2013;30:4958. When looking at the overall recall, the combination of Embase and MEDLINE and either Google Scholar or Web of Science could be regarded sufficient with 96% recall. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). CINAHL indexing terms and policies reflect a more general approach and the index term "diagnosis," when exploded (ie, when all subdivisions of the indexed term are retrieved), covers most aspects of nursing assessment, screening (people with no symptoms or indications of disease), and diagnosis (people with symptoms or conditions suggestive of Part of 2006 Jul;59(7):710-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2005.09.013. P?p~p[pL A^!!.zIzTVw8fIrHtbyzb,FKp*^rU BL@BXFHZY+Ifn_R]4CrVt@Z93Pv}Nm,a`YMv'PN` 7"t YsaQ>+dpZhS++pRBb*0n%D,A\G-;rXHD6JK7%ME9,|<9 For the individual databases and combinations that were used in those reviews, we multiplied the frequency of occurrence in that set of 200 with the probability that the database or combination would lead to an acceptable recall (which we defined at 95%) that we had measured in our own data. Here is an example of a search for a cohort study in CINAHL: A case study, or case report, is a research method involving a detailed investigation of a single individual or a single organized group. Consequently . Beckles Z, Glover S, Ashe J, Stockton S, Boynton J, Lai R, Alderson P. Searching CINAHL did not add value to clinical questions posed in NICE guidelines. 2017. doi:10.1002/jrsm.1279. MedicLatinais a unique collection of medical research and investigatory journals from renowned Latin American and Spanish publishers. McKibbon KA, Haynes RB, Dilks CJW, Ramsden MF, Ryan NC, Baker L, Flemming T, Fitzgerald D. How good are clinical MEDLINE searches? 2016 Feb 9;5:27. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0197-5. For a sample of 200 recently published systematic reviews, we calculated how many had used enough databases to ensure 95% recall. Starting with the most recent articles, we determined the databases searched either from the abstract or from the full text until we had data for 200 reviews. It therefore finds articles in which the topic of research is not mentioned in title, abstract, or thesaurus terms, but where the concepts are only discussed in the full text. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Accessibility 2015;68:107684. Bramer WM, Rethlefsen ML, Mast F, Kleijnen J. Fifty-one of these journals are UK publications. Wichor M. Bramer. A total of 58 published systematic reviews were included, totaling 1746 relevant references identified by our database searches, while 84 included references had been retrieved by other search methods. 2016;87:713. It covers more than 50 nursing specialties and includes quick lessons, evidence-based care sheets, CEU modules and research instruments. See Fig. Figure1 shows the percentages of reviews where a certain database combination led to a certain recall. The references to these reviews can be found in Additional file 1. Of the 11 references included in this review, one was found only in Google Scholar and one only in Web of Science. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. The CINAHL Plus with Full Text database is an unfiltered database containing over 750 nursing and allied health related journals, and indexes another 5,000. To compare our practice of database usage in systematic reviews against current practice as evidenced in the literature, we analyzed a set of 200 recent systematic reviews from PubMed. The third key database we identified in this research, Web of Science, is only mentioned as a citation index in the Cochrane Handbook, not as a bibliographic database. The database itself is unfiltered, but includes many filtered items like systematic reviews. Can Fam Physician. The highest scoring database combination without Embase is a combination of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, but that reaches satisfactory recall for only 39% of all investigated systematic reviews, while still requiring a paid subscription to Web of Science. To determine how searching multiple databases affected precision, we calculated for each combination the ratio between the original precision, observed when all databases were searched, and the precision calculated for different database combinations. A secondary aim is to investigate the current practice of databases searched for published reviews. <> We calculated the recall for individual databases and databases in all possible combination for all reviews included in the research. Ignoring one or more of the databases that we identified as the four key databases will result in more precise searches with a lower number of results, but the researchers should decide whether that is worth the >increased probability of losing relevant references. From: Complementary Therapies for Physical Therapy, 2008 View all Topics Add to Mendeley See the page " Choose a Library Database ," or ask a librarian to help you choose the right database for your topic. 2013 Jan 9;13:7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6947-13-7. PMC Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. We estimate that 60% of published systematic reviews do not retrieve 95% of all available relevant references as many fail to search important databases. Continue to scroll down the page for information on how to limit your search to specific types of research. Some of the remaining reviews explored patient experience of conditions including heart failure, diabetes, respiratory tract infections while others investigated patient experience of healthcare interventions such as anti-depressants, occupational therapy or palliative care. Unique results from specialized databases that closely match systematic review topics, such as PsycINFO for reviews in the fields of behavioral sciences and mental health or CINAHL for reviews on the topics of nursing or allied health, indicate that specialized databases should be used additionally when appropriate. National Library of Medicine Subject-specific databases like PsycINFO only added unique references to a small percentage of systematic reviews when they had been used for the search. They are usually one of the easiest study types to find in any nursing or medical database. It is likely caused by difference in thesaurus terms that were added, but further analysis would be required to determine reasons for not finding the MEDLINE records in Embase. The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request. (DOCX 19kb). Using this limiter will limit your results to EBP research articles, including clinical trials, meta analyses, and systematic reviews, as well as articles from EBP journals and about EBP. The purpose of this research was to determine which of three databases, CINAHL, EMBASE or MEDLINE, should be accessed when researching nursing topics. Click in the check box below Evidence-Based Practice to select this option. Is the coverage of Google Scholar enough to be used alone for systematic reviews. Stroke. Bull Med Libr Assoc. 2004;12:22832. The SMART Imagebase is a unique, educational resource for students, educators, library patrons, and professionals in healthcare and news media. We documented the department of the first author. [16] concluded that databases other than MEDLINE/PubMed did not change the outcomes of the review, while Rice et al. J Clin Epidemiol. Whether a reference is available in a database is important, but whether the article can be found in a precise search with reasonable recall is not only impacted by the databases coverage. We assessed the frequency at which databases and combinations would achieve varying levels of recall (i.e., 95%). Imagine you are a patient with cancer and your doctor can't order your pain medication. Michaleff ZA, Costa LO, Moseley AM, Maher CG, Elkins MR, Herbert RD, Sherrington C. CENTRAL, PEDro, PubMed, and EMBASE are the most comprehensive databases indexing randomized controlled trials of physical therapy interventions. The calculation is shown in Table5. Special topics databases such as CINAHL and PsycINFO should be added if the topic of the review directly touches the primary focus of a specialized subject database, like CINAHL for focus on nursing and allied health or PsycINFO for behavioral sciences and mental health. Ross-White A, Godfrey C. Is there an optimum number needed to retrieve to justify inclusion of a database in a systematic review search? We did not investigate whether the loss of certain references had resulted in changes to the conclusion of the reviews. Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab. Would you like email updates of new search results? Reliable healthcare information covering nursing, Allied Health, alternative and complementary medicine these values calculated. It covers more than 50 nursing specialties and includes quick lessons, evidence-based care,... 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